In the name of ALLAH, the most beneficient, the most merciful

Ecology, Biodiversity & Evolution-I (BT101)

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Objective Questions

  1. One of the major disruptions is loss of habitat in ________.

    1. land
    2. sea
    3. extinction
    4. All of the given
  2. Layers of atmosphere increases with ________ in some regions.

    1. length
    2. altitude
    3. width
    4. diameter
  3. Variability in Net Primary Productivity of Wetlands and tropical rain forests is ________.

    1. 900 g/m2/year
    2. 1200 - 1300 g/m2/year
    3. 90 g/m2/year
    4. 2000 g/m2/year
  4. Mercury bioaccumulates in the ________ of top predators of the open ocean.

    1. Lungs
    2. Muscles
    3. Brain
    4. Kidneys
  5. Different colors of Mullerian Mimicry depend on ________ and visibility.

    1. soil
    2. water
    3. location
    4. crops
  6. Volcanic eruptions release ________ into the atmosphere.

    1. sulfur
    2. smoke
    3. liquid
    4. magnesium
  7. Which of the following is not the characteristic of Eutrophic lake?

    1. High level nutrients
    2. High algal growth
    3. Good light penetration
    4. Low dissolved oxygen
  8. Atmosphere is ________ nitrogen by volume.

    1. 48%
    2. 588%
    3. 68%
    4. 78%
  9. ________ are strongly affected by light pollution.

    1. Birds
    2. Mammals
    3. Reptiles
    4. Amphibians
  10. Who proposed the law of use and disuse?

    1. Lamarck
    2. Darwin
    3. Weismann
    4. William Smith
  11. Land fill is the example of ________.

    1. Sewage pollution
    2. No point source pollution
    3. Point source pollution
    4. Sound pollution
  12. ________ enables animals to survive periods of reduced food availability.

    1. Torpor
    2. Hibernation
    3. Aestivation
    4. Winter sleep
  13. Adult human body contains ________ of water by weight.

    1. 30%
    2. 40%
    3. 50%
    4. 60%
  14. ________ was Father of geology and stratigraphy.

    1. James Hutton
    2. William Smith
    3. Nicolas Steno
    4. None of the given
  15. In Nitrogen cycle Immobilization is the opposite of ________.

    1. filteration
    2. mobilization
    3. mineralization
    4. None of the given
  16. Cascade effect leads to increase in ________ species.

    1. Predator
    2. Invasive
    3. Exotic
    4. Prey
  17. Files and ________ have outlandish proboscises.

    1. ant
    2. moths
    3. beetles
    4. locust
  18. Food chain only follows a direct, ________ pathway of one animal at a time.

    1. Divergent
    2. Lateral
    3. Linear
    4. Curvilinear
  19. Which of the following has low algal growth?

    1. Eutrophic lake
    2. Oligotrophic lake
    3. Fresh Water Lake
    4. None of the given
  20. A specific functional role and place of an organism called its ________.

    1. Biome
    2. Niche
    3. Biomass
    4. None of the given
  21. ________ is an early freshwater reptile, found as fossils from the Early Permian Period.

    1. Cynognathus
    2. Lystrosaurus
    3. Mesosaurus
    4. Glossopteris
  22. In Mesosphere lower boundary is ________ to 65 kilometres.

    1. 30
    2. 40
    3. 50
    4. 60
  23. The atmosphere provides protective shield against radiation and ________.

    1. light
    2. rays
    3. cosmic rays
    4. dust
  24. Thermosphere Known as ________

    1. mesosphere
    2. ionosphere
    3. troposphere
    4. Exosphere
  25. It represent tiny portion of the complexity of real ecosystems.

    1. Biome
    2. Food chain
    3. Food web
    4. Trophic levels
  26. Each ________ trophic level has its own secondary productivity.

    1. Autotrophs
    2. Heterotrophs
    3. Producers
    4. All of the given
  27. In interspecific interactions counter-illumination eliminates ________.

    1. light
    2. shadow
    3. dark
    4. weight
  28. In crypsis animals habitually press their bodies to the ________.

    1. water
    2. ground
    3. plant
    4. burrow
  29. Removal of apex predator in environment called ________.

    1. Bottle neck effect
    2. Cascade effect
    3. Founder effect
    4. None of the given
  30. ________ competition occurs between two species to use the same resources.

    1. Parasitism
    2. Predation
    3. Interspecific
    4. Intraspecific
  31. Weismann made the important distinction between ________ cells and ________ cells.

    1. Eukaryotic, prokaryotic
    2. Gem, somatic
    3. unicellular, multicellular
    4. amoeboid, non amoeboid
  32. In ________ growth a stationary or stable phase is achieved.

    1. Logistic
    2. Exponential
    3. Decline
    4. Lag phase
  33. Which of the following limiting factor cannot regulate population at constant level?

    1. Density dependent
    2. Density independent
    3. Population dependent
    4. Parasitism
  34. The ________ is key element in survival of life.

    1. Atmosphere
    2. Mesosphere
    3. Lithosphere
    4. Troposphere
  35. Loss of ________ percent energy occurs from one level to next.

    1. 99%
    2. 98%
    3. 90%
    4. 19%
  36. Which of the following diseases is caused by sewage water?

    1. Pneumonia
    2. Influenza
    3. Arthritis
    4. Polio
  37. Gregor Mendel proposed the laws of genetics in ________.

    1. 1855
    2. 1865
    3. 1875
    4. 1885
  38. Stratosphere is ________ major layer of Earth's atmosphere.

    1. second
    2. third
    3. fourth
    4. fifth
  39. ________ brings all the toxic chemicals in air back into surface runoff.

    1. Transpiration
    2. Evaporation
    3. Precipitation
    4. Respiration
  40. K-selected species are typically ________ competitors in such crowded habitats.

    1. Weak
    2. Strong
    3. Rare
    4. Extinct
  41. Likely sea level rise during the 21st century is ________.

    1. 15 mm per year
    2. 5 mm per year
    3. 50 mm per year
    4. 0.5 mm per year
  42. Which of the following order is correct?

    1. Ecosystem, Individual, population, community
    2. Individual, population, community, ecosystem
    3. Population, community, individual, ecosystem
    4. Community, population, individual, Ecosystem
  43. In transpiration plants absorb ________ from the soil.

    1. gases
    2. water
    3. oxygen
    4. carbon dioxide
  44. There are ________ types of herbivory depending upon different feeding habits.

    1. Four
    2. Six
    3. Eight
    4. Ten
  45. The rate that new organic matter is made by means of individual growth and reproduction in all the herbivores is ________.

    1. Net Primary productivity (PP)
    2. Gross primary productivity (GPP)
    3. Secondary productivity
    4. None of the given
  46. The ________ is a energy intensive process.

    1. Oxygen Fixation
    2. Nitrogen Fixation
    3. Hydrogen Fixation
    4. None of the given
  47. In aposematism advertisement of signals includes ________.

    1. Color
    2. Odour
    3. Sound
    4. All of the given
  48. In which of the following organism logistic growth occurs.

    1. Lemmings
    2. Algae
    3. Yeast
    4. None of the given
  49. Which microparasites reproduce inside host ________.

    1. fungi
    2. bacteria
    3. trematodes
    4. algae
  50. Existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa occur in ________.

    1. Convergent evolution
    2. Divergent evolution
    3. Parallel evolution
    4. None of the given
  51. Third Atmosphere is the constant rearrangement of ________.

    1. continental plates
    2. layers
    3. gases
    4. None of the given
  52. Transparency in interspecific interactions showed by ________.

    1. sponges
    2. flukes
    3. jellyfish
    4. insects
  53. Each successional stage is called a ________ stage.

    1. young
    2. seral
    3. climax
    4. xerosere
  54. Second atmosphere formed carbonates that were deposited as ________.

    1. sediments
    2. layers
    3. lava
    4. magma
  55. In aquatic ecosystem, ________ reacts with the water to form bicarbonate ions.

    1. O2
    2. CO2
    3. H2
    4. Na
  56. It occurs when uptake from the water is greater than excretion.

    1. Biomagnification
    2. Eutrophication
    3. Bioaccumulation
    4. Bioconcentration
  57. Animals use ________ to make organic molecules.

    1. light energy
    2. Chemical bond energy
    3. Mechanical energy
    4. All of the given
  58. In homeostasis ________ is a critical factor.

    1. Temperature
    2. Food
    3. Water
    4. Atmosphere
  59. ________ pyramids are usually, but not always, upright.

    1. Pyramid of inverted biomass
    2. Pyramid of energy flow
    3. Pyramid of numbers
    4. Pyramid of biomass
  60. Population size ________ above carrying capacity.

    1. Amplifies
    2. Decreases
    3. Increases
    4. Remain same
  61. ________ consists of distinct biological communities.

    1. Population
    2. Biodiversity
    3. Biome
    4. Ecosystem
  62. It has two phases.

    1. Exponential growth
    2. Logistic growth
    3. Decline growth
    4. All of the given
  63. In ________ at either limit, one or more essential functions cease.

    1. Limiting factor
    2. Range of optimum
    3. Tolerance range
    4. Taxis
  64. According to first law of thermodynamics ________ is neither created nor destroyed in the biosphere.

    1. Energy
    2. Ecosystem
    3. Habitat
    4. Force
  65. In pyramid of ________ one trophic level has greater biomass than the one below it.

    1. Inverted biomass
    2. Numbers
    3. Energy flow
    4. Biomass
  66. Animals undergo ________ in extended period of drying.

    1. Hibernation
    2. Aestivation
    3. Torpor
    4. Winter sleep
  67. Natural environment where a species/organism lives is called ________.

    1. Atmosphere
    2. Ecosystem
    3. Biosphere
    4. Habitat
  68. Proteolysis releases nitrogen and ________.

    1. Chlorine
    2. Phosphorus
    3. Potassium
    4. Oxygen
  69. ________ is the amount of chemical energy as biomass that primary producers create in a given length of time.

    1. Net Primary productivity (PP)
    2. Secondary productivity
    3. Gross primary productivity (GPP)
    4. None of the given
  70. It occurs in large animals.

    1. Hibernation
    2. Aestivation
    3. Winter sleep
    4. Torpor
  71. Cynaobacteria is the example of ________.

    1. Photoautotrophs
    2. Heterotrophs
    3. Chemoautotrophs
    4. None of the given
  72. They release digestive enzymes by their hyphae

    1. Fungi
    2. Algae
    3. Bacteria
    4. Ferns
  73. They obtain energy by means of inorganic oxidation reactions

    1. Heterotrophs
    2. Photoautotrophs
    3. Chemoautotrophs
    4. All of the given
  74. ________ transfer heat from one place to another by mass motion of a fluid such as water, air or molten rock.

    1. Winter current
    2. Convection current
    3. Conventional current
    4. None of the given
  75. Orientation towards a factor called ________.

    1. Taxis
    2. Torpism
    3. Tactics
    4. None of the given
  76. They can breakdown carbohydrate anaerobically also.

    1. Plants
    2. Fungi
    3. Animals
    4. Bacteria
  77. There is limited number of feeding or trophic levels in ________.

    1. Atmosphere
    2. Ecosystem
    3. Food web
    4. Food chain
  78. Which of the following is NOT the external factor of Ecosystem?

    1. Topography
    2. Population size
    3. Disease
    4. Gene pool