Methods in Molecular Biology (BIO203)

1. What happens in the Denature step of PCR?

   1. The DNA nucleotides are broken apart.
   2. The base-pairing rules for DNA are reversed.
   3. The double-stranded DNA is separated into two single strands of DNA.
   4. The DNA is returned to its natural setting.

2. Mini Primer PCR uses a thermostable polymerase (S-Tbr) that can extend from short primers as short as ________ nucleotides.

   1. 14-15
   2. 5-6
   3. 7-8
   4. 9-10

3. Which one of the following is the source of pfu Polymerase?

   1. Thermococcus litoralis
   2. Thermococcus litoralis
   3. Pyrococcus furiosus
   4. T. aquaticus

4. Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in ________.

   1. Spectrophotometry
   2. Gel electrophoresis
   3. PCR
   4. Tissue culture

5. Endonucleases are classified in to ________ main classes.

   1. 2
   2. 3
   3. 4
   4. 6

6. Genomic fingerprinting is a ________ medicine technique used to identify individuals by characteristics of their DNA.

   1. Alternative
   2. Toxicology
   3. Regenerative
   4. Forensic

7. Why are vent ploymerase and Pfu more efficient than the Taq polymerase?

   1. Because of proofreading activity
   2. Because of more efficient polymerase activity
   3. Both of the given
   4. None of the given

8. A recognition sequence usually ranges from ________ bases.

   1. 4-12
   2. 6-8
   3. 4-8
   4. 4-6

9. Allele-specific PCR used for identifying of ________.

   1. SNPs
   2. Long genes
   3. Deletion Mutations
   4. Insertion Mutations

10. Real Time PCR is used to measure the quantity of a ________.

    1. RNA expression
    2. PCR product
    3. DNA amplification
    4. All of the given

11. Inverse PCR supports the amplification and identification of ________.

    1. Flanking sequences
    2. Genomic inserts
    3. Transposable elements
    4. All of the given

12. ________ is used for the screening of bacterial of yeast clones for correct ligation or plasmid products.

    1. RT-PCR
    2. Real time PCR
    3. Nested PCR
    4. Colony PCR

13. Assembly PCR is used to assemble two or more places of DNA into ________.

    1. One piece
    2. Two piece
    3. Three piece
    4. None of the given

14. AFLP is a highly sensitive PCR-based method for detecting ________ in DNA.

    1. Polymorphisms
    2. Deletion
    3. Insertion
    4. Duplication

15. What happens during the Anneal step of PCR?

    1. Primers are created
    2. The primers attach to the target DNA region
    3. Primers copy the new DNA strand
    4. Primers sequence DNA

16. In ________ PCR there is very low probability of non-specific amplification of DNA.

    1. Nested
    2. Multiplex
    3. RT-PCR
    4. Conventional

17. Melting of DNA template results in yielding ________ of DNA.

    1. Single strands
    2. Double strands
    3. Replicated strands
    4. All of the given

18. At what temperature does denaturation of DNA double helix takes place?

    1. 54°C
    2. 47°C
    3. 94°C
    4. 60°C

19. The process of reverse transcription reverse transcribes ________.

    1. RNA into DNA
    2. DNA into RNA
    3. DNA into DNA
    4. All of the given

20. To amplify one strand of the original DNA more than the other, a special type of PCR is used which is known as ________.

    1. Asymmetric PCR
    2. Colony PCR
    3. In-situ PCR
    4. None of the given

21. ________ is used as a template to produce DNA in Reverse Transcripatase PCR.

    1. DNA
    2. RNA
    3. Protein
    4. All of the given

22. ________ PCR uses the template for the reverse primers is a restriction fragment that has been self-ligated.

    1. Invers
    2. Allele-specific
    3. Colony
    4. Asymmetric

23. In ________ is a polymerase chain reaction that actually takes place inside the cell on a slide

    1. Situ PCR (ISH)
    2. Nested PCR
    3. Colony
    4. RT-PCR

24. Non genomic material such as RNA can be detected by ________.

    1. In situ PCR
    2. Conventional PCR
    3. Western blotting
    4. Spectrophotometer

25. Parental genetic diagnosis is not important for identification of ________.

    1. Chromosomal abnormality
    2. inherited mutation
    3. Familiar disorder
    4. Infectious diseases

26. ________ refers to the study of ancient human, animal and plant remains.

    1. Molecular Biology
    2. Parasitology
    3. Pathology
    4. Paleontology

27. Denaturation is the process of ________.

    1. Heating between 72°C
    2. Heating between 40 to 60°C
    3. Heating between 90 to 98°C
    4. All of the given

28. The instrument used to run the PCR is known as ________.

    1. Centrifuge machine
    2. Incubator
    3. UV Transilluminator
    4. Thermocycler

29. At what temperature does annealing of DNA and primer take place?

    1. 54°C
    2. 96°C
    3. 42°C
    4. 74°C

30. ________ PCR is used for screening of bacterial or yeast clones for correct ligation or plasmid products.

    1. Asymmetric PCR
    2. Q-PCR
    3. Allele-specific
    4. Colony PCR

31. Binding of primers to the single stranded DNA is called ________.

    1. Initialization
    2. Melting
    3. Binding
    4. Annealing

32. A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.

    1. DNA ligase
    2. Restriction enzymes
    3. Gel electrophoresis
    4. Polymerase chain reaction

33. A heat stable enzyme called Taq Polymerase is used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) which is obtained from a bacterium ________.

    1. Escherichia coli
    2. Salmonella Typhi
    3. Thermus aquaticus
    4. Actinobacillus capsulatus

34. ________ enzymes have symmetrical recognition sequencesbut are of little value.

    1. Type III
    2. Exonucleases
    3. Type II
    4. Type I

35. Suicide PCR is used in ________.

    1. Cytogenetics
    2. Human Genetics
    3. Paleogenetics
    4. None of the given

36. Which of the following statements are true regarding PCR?

    1. Primer extension occurs at 72°C
    2. Denaturation involves heating at 90 to 98°C
    3. Annealing involves the binding of primer between 40 to 60°C
    4. All of the given

37. What is the function of a primer?

    1. To identify the particular region of DNA to be copied by PCR.
    2. To copy DNA
    3. To create DNA nucleotides.
    4. To maintain the temperature of the PCR reaction.

38. Degenerate Primers are used for the amplication of ________.

    1. Multiple genes
    2. Single gene
    3. Whole genome
    4. All of the given

39. Methylation-specific PCR is used to identify patterns of DNA methylation at ________.

    1. CpG islands
    2. Promoter region
    3. AP Site
    4. Star site

40. The extension rate of Taq Polymerase enzyme is ________.

    1. 60 nt/sec
    2. 65 nt/sec
    3. 70 nt/sec
    4. 75 nt/sec

41. The limitations of PCR are ________.

    1. Contamination risk
    2. Primer complexities
    3. Primer-binding site complexities
    4. All of the given

42. ________ PCR uses primers whose 3' ends encompass the SNP.

    1. Reverse Transcriptase PCR
    2. Assembly PCR
    3. Ligation mediated PCR
    4. Allele Specific PCR

43. Primers used for the process of polymerase chain reaction are ________.

    1. Single-stranded RNA oligonucleotide
    2. Single-stranded DNA oligonucleotide
    3. Double-stranded RNA oligonucleotide
    4. Double-stranded DNA oligonucleotide

44. ________ tools have also allowed to perform prenatal genetic diagnosis.

    1. Molecular
    2. Microbiology
    3. Histology
    4. Radiology

45. Two sets of primers instead of one pair are uses in ________.

    1. Nested PCR
    2. Traditional PCR
    3. In-situ PCR
    4. None of the given

46. Enzyme that creates phosphodiester bond between 3' end of one DNA segment and the 5' another is known as ________.

    1. DNA polymerase
    2. DNA helicase
    3. DNA ligase
    4. RNA polymerase

47. Inverse PCR is used for the identification and amplification of ________.

    1. Long genes
    2. Flanking sequence
    3. Promote region
    4. Whole genome

48. What would the generally expected effect on the PCR reaction be of adjustments that increase the temperature of the annealing phase and the length of the elongation phase?

    1. Precision and yield will be reduced
    2. Precision will be reduced, but yield will be increased
    3. Precision will be increased, but yield will be reduced
    4. Precision and yield will be increased

49. If the primer sequence is TCG, what section of DNA will it anneal?

    1. AGC
    2. CAT
    3. GAC
    4. ATC

50. ________ enzymes have symmetrical recognition sequences but are of little value.

    1. Type III
    2. Exonucleases
    3. Type II
    4. Type I

51. For making cDNA ________ is used as a template.

    1. DNA
    2. RNA
    3. cDNA
    4. All of the given

52. Sequences of nucleotides which have a twofold axis of rotational symmetry is known as ________.

    1. binding site
    2. restriction site
    3. recognition site only
    4. Palindrome

53. Two pair of enzymes are used in ________ PCR.

    1. Nested
    2. Multiplex
    3. RT-PCR
    4. Conventional

54. Molecular Detection methods can facilitate in detection of ________ in plants, animals and environment.

    1. trace element
    2. radioactive elements
    3. pigments
    4. pathogens

55. ________ tools have also allowed to perform penatal genetic diagnosis.

    1. Molecular
    2. Microbiology
    3. Histology
    4. Radiology

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