Introduction of System programming, Means of I/O, Interrupt Mechanism, Use of ISRs for C Library functions, TSR Programs, Interval Timer, Peripheral Programmable Interface (PPI), Parallel Port Programming, Serial Communication, COM Ports, Real Time Clock (RTC), Processor Types, Keyboard Interface, Direct Memory Access (DMA), File Systems, Hard Disk, Partition Table, File System Data Structures, FAT 12, FAT 16, FAT 32, New Technology File System(NTFS), Disk Utilities, Memory Management, Viruses